WASHINGTON — A long-awaited review of prescription opioid medications, including their risks and contribution to the U.S. overdose epidemic, is still underway at the Food and Drug Administration, the agency’s commissioner said Tuesday.
Dr. Robert Califf wrote in a blog entry that the FDA is still studying “what revisions are needed to support appropriate use” of opioid painkillers and “lessons learned” by the agency. The update comes as part of a broader outline of the FDA’s ideas and initiatives for combating drug misuse.
Califf told The Associated Press that the sheer scale of the epidemic makes potential remedies a challenge.
“Almost everything that we want to do involves some other entity or part of society that we need to work with to figure things out,” he said in an interview Tuesday.
Califf promised to conduct a full review of FDA’s approach to opioids, including their prescribing instructions, to clinch Senate confirmation early this year. He told the AP last month that the public would soon hear “a lot more about this.”
Part of the delay in reassessing the drugs is that makers of long-acting opioids didn’t originally study the medications’ effectiveness for long-term pain, which carries risks of addiction and overdose. FDA-mandated studies to get at that question have dragged on for years.
“FDA does its best when it has high-quality evidence, and we don’t have high-quality evidence now,” Califf said, adding that it may ultimately take government-run studies to answer the question of long-term opioid safety.
Tuesday’s update is also unlikely to appease Califf’s critics in Congress, including five Senate Democrats who voted against his nomination, largely over concerns that the FDA hasn’t taken bolder action to reduce opioid misuse.
It’s not the first attempt at a reset on opioids for the FDA — or even for Califf. During his brief stint as FDA commissioner at the end of the Obama administration, Califf had also vowed to conduct a “sweeping review” of opioids.
Dr. Andrew Kolodny, an FDA critic who has testified against drugmakers in court, said Califf must do more than review FDA’s “lessons learned.”
“He also needs to take on the heavier lift of correcting past mistakes” by removing unproven medications from the market, said Kolodny, who leads a group that favors tighter opioid prescribing.
Last year, U.S. overdose deaths soared to a record of 107,000, driven overwhelmingly by fentanyl and other illegal opioids. Opioid prescriptions have fallen about 40 percent in the last decade, but deaths tied to the medications remain at 13,000 to 14,000 per year.
