TACOMA — A federal judge in Tacoma has found Clark County liable for seizing the residents’ belongings when it cleared out homeless encampments.
In a ruling Friday, Judge Robert Bryan said the county’s inmate work crews violated the constitutional rights of at least a half-dozen homeless residents by throwing out their tents, stoves, medication, documents and photographs during sweeps from 2012 to 2014. A trial is set for Oct. 3 to determine how much the county must pay in damages, but settlement talks are also planned.
“The only evidence in the record is that the county’s employees took all unattended property and then immediately destroyed the property, regardless of whether the property was abandoned,” the judge wrote.
He declined to immediately rule on the merits of claims by two other campers, saying it wasn’t clear who took their property.
One hour’s notice
In March 2012, the Clark County Department of Corrections adopted a policy that work crews should clean up camps immediately if they’d been abandoned. If they hadn’t been abandoned, it said, the workers were to give one hour’s notice that the residents had to vacate the area and take their belongings with them.
In practice, the crews often didn’t determine whether the property had been abandoned. One crew supervisor testified in a deposition that if his workers complained that a campsite appeared to be recently occupied, he ordered them to clean up, anyway.
A lawyer for the county did not immediately return an email seeking comment Friday.
Some campers left to eat meals at a local shelter, then returned to find the work crews seizing their property and refusing to give it back. Among the items taken were dentures, a photograph of a deceased child, and legal documents such as Social Security cards and disability insurance papers.
A homeless resident, Terry Ellis, left a backpack at a bus stop while he offered to help a woman whose car had broken down nearby. Even though Ellis was within sight when the work crew arrived, the crew took it, ignoring his explanation for why he left it there, Ellis said in court filings.
Inside the backpack were new clothes he had been given so he could apply for a job, he said.
Another plaintiff and formerly homeless man, Adam Kravitz, had briefly left his bags by the Columbia River in 2012 and returned to find work crews taking them away. Kravitz and the group he was with asked the men to leave, but they were threatened with arrest, court documents show. Kravitz did not protest any further from there, he said.
Kravitz recently launched a nonprofit called Outsiders Inn to advocate for Clark County’s homeless community, and said it was incidents like these that spurred him to action. Friday’s ruling was “a big win,” he said.
“I’m very glad that they acknowledged that they were in the wrong,” he said. “I really hope, moving forward, that the policies can be strengthened and adhered to even better.”
Growing controversy
The issue of encampment sweeps has become increasingly controversial as officials have struggled with rising rates of homelessness around the country. A detailed report by The Seattle Times last month found that despite efforts by some Seattle and state workers to provide advance notification of sweeps and connect homeless residents to social services, the cleanups were frequently ill-coordinated and residents often lost critical belongings. Mayor Ed Murray promised to do better.
The American Civil Liberties Union or other homeless advocates have filed recent lawsuits over sweeps in Los Angeles, Honolulu, Denver and other cities.
“It’s important to remember that people who are homeless have constitutional rights, including the right to due process when government seeks to seize their possessions,” Doug Honig, a spokesman for the American Civil Liberties Union of Washington, said in an email Friday. “While the possessions may not have great monetary value, they can be vital to the lives of people who do not have shelter.”
The ACLU chapter was not involved in the Clark County lawsuit, but it and other civil rights groups have urged Seattle to change its approach to homeless encampments, noting that in a recent case challenging an anti-camping ordinance in Boise, Idaho, the U.S. Justice Department warned in a court filing, “If a person literally has nowhere else to go, then enforcement of the anti-camping ordinance against that person criminalizes her for being homeless.”
Peter Fels, one of the attorneys for the plaintiffs, said he learned of their plight by volunteering at a legal clinic at the shelter.
After the lawsuit was filed last year, the county conducted training to explain to work crew supervisors that they should not remove property from homeless camps and to help them identify property that has not been abandoned.
But Fels and his co-counsel, Moloy Good, said Friday more changes are needed. In addition to damages, they are seeking to have the county make clear that work crews shouldn’t pick up any unattended property.
Staff reporter Kaitlin Gillespie contributed to this report.
