SEATTLE — Washington’s Supreme Court reinstated a lawsuit Thursday that was brought by workers at Seattle-Tacoma International Airport who said they were forced to eat food provided by their company in violation of their religious beliefs or go hungry during their shifts.
The 5-4 decision expands the duty of private employers to accommodate religious practices under state law. The law was already clear that businesses can’t fire or refuse to hire someone based on religious beliefs, but it wasn’t clear on whether people can sue companies for failing to provide on-the-job accommodations.
Workers at Gate Gourmet prepare meals that are served on flights from the airport. Because of security concerns, they are not allowed to bring food to work, or leave work on their 30-minute lunch breaks.
Instead, the company provides their meals. While there are ostensibly vegetarian options, the workers said the ingredients weren’t labeled, and the vegetarian dishes sometimes included animal products. For example, the refried beans were made with pork lard, and other supposedly vegetarian dishes were made with chicken broth.
They also allege the company switched from turkey meatballs to beef-and-pork meatballs without telling them, even though some workers don’t eat beef or pork, and that vegetarian dishes and meats are often prepared using the same cookware. Hindu, Muslim, Jewish and Ethiopian Orthodox Christian employees are among those who took issue with the food, the plaintiffs said.
A King County Superior Court judge — Mary Yu, who since has been appointed to the Supreme Court — threw out the workers’ class-action claims against Gate Gourmet. She held that Washington’s Law Against Discrimination did not allow such lawsuits.
Yu, who was sworn in as a justice this week, did not participate in Thursday’s ruling.
Justice Sheryl Gordon McCloud wrote for the majority that the duty to accommodate religious practices in the workplace is implied in the law. She was joined by Justices Mary Fairhurst, Debra Stephens, Charles Wiggins and Steven Gonzalez.
Claims of battery
Federal law has long required employers to provide such accommodations, but federal courts have historically been less receptive to employee-rights cases than Washington courts, said Jesse Wing, a Seattle lawyer who filed friend-of-the-court briefs in the case on behalf of the American Civil Liberties Union of Washington and the Washington Employment Lawyers Association.
“The ability to bring a claim that protects religious freedom in the workplace in a Washington court is a significant development,” Wing said. “This ruling today opens up the Washington courts to these kinds of claims.”
The majority ruling also said the workers could pursue their claims of battery and negligent infliction of emotional distress — and the dissent didn’t take issue with that, essentially making that part of the ruling unanimous. The claim for battery — defined as intentional, unwanted contact — rests on the notion that the company tricked the workers into eating food in violation of their religious beliefs.
In her dissent, Chief Justice Barbara Madsen argued that if the Legislature had wanted to allow people to sue their employers for failing to make reasonable accommodations for religious practice, it would have expressly done so. Even if people could sue, the workers’ claims should be barred because there was not a suggestion that Gate Gourmet punished the workers or threatened any punishment over their religious beliefs.
She was joined by Justices Charles Johnson, Jim Johnson and Susan Owens.
Christina Ulosevich, a spokeswoman for Gate Gourmet, said in an email the company does not discuss pending litigation.
“Gate Gourmet takes its legal obligations very seriously, especially those that are designed to protect the rights of its employees,” she wrote. “We have and will continue to abide by all applicable employment-related laws and policies.”
Two lawyers for the workers, Aaron Rocke and Seth Rosenberg, said they hoped the ruling would encourage respectful, open discussions between workers and employers around the state about religious practices. They said that since they filed the lawsuit, Gate Gourmet has made some changes, including the intermittent labeling of ingredients, but they hope to see further and more consistent changes.
“The reality is, we live in a diverse community,” Rosenberg said. “This is about having a discussion about how we can accommodate those differences in a very important venue, which is employment.”
